Orange Pi 5 Pro

Tags: arch:arm64 chip:rk3588 vendor:xunlong experimental

Warning

The board support for this device is experimental. Not all features are implemented and they have not been extensively tested by many users.

Help is wanted if you are interested in supporting a feature or if you’ve found an issue with any of the implementation! See the contributing guidelines.

Orange Pi 5 Pro board

Orange Pi 5 Pro Single Board Computer

The Orange Pi 5 Pro is an ARM64 single-board computer based on the Rockchip RK3588S SoC, created by Shenzhen Xunlong Software.

Features

  • SoC: Rockchip RK3588S (8 nm LP process)

  • CPU: Octa-core 64-bit (4x Cortex-A76 up to 2.4 GHz + 4x Cortex-A55 up to 1.8 GHz)

  • GPU: ARM Mali-G610 MP4 (Supports OpenGL ES 1.1/2.0/3.2, OpenCL 2.2, Vulkan 1.2)

  • NPU: Up to 6 TOPS AI accelerator

  • RAM: 4/8/16 GB LPDDR5

  • Storage: eMMC module socket, SPI Flash, MicroSD slot, M.2 M-Key (NVMe/SATA)

  • Ethernet: Gigabit Ethernet (YT8531C PHY) with PoE+ support (requires PoE+ HAT)

  • Wi-Fi/Bluetooth: Onboard AP6256 module (Wi-Fi 5 802.11ac + Bluetooth 5.0 / BLE)

  • USB: 1x USB 3.1 Gen1, 3x USB 2.0 (via onboard USB Hub)

  • Video Output: HDMI 2.1 (up to 8K @ 60 Hz)

  • Camera: 2x MIPI CSI 4-lane

  • Expansion: 40-pin header (UART, PWM, I2C, SPI, CAN, GPIO)

  • Power Supply: Type-C (5 V @ 5 A)

  • Dimensions: 89 mm x 56 mm

NuttX Support Status

The initial port supports the core system components, interactive shell, and basic utilities:

  • Core Boot: Switch from EL2 to EL1, translation tables, and MMU enablement.

  • System Console: 16550 UART driver operating on UART2.

  • Timer: ARM generic system timer.

  • PSCI: System reset / reboot via TF-A PSCI SMC calls.

  • procfs: Virtual process filesystem.

Other onboard peripherals (GPIO, SPI, I2C, eMMC, USB, Ethernet, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, HDMI, and MIPI DSI/CSI) are currently not supported in this port.

Note

To see support status for SoC peripherals (I2C, SPI, UART, etc.), see the RK3588 page.

Buttons and LEDs

Buttons

The Orange Pi 5 Pro has three buttons:

  • Power Button: Used to power the board on or off.

  • Reset Button: Performs a hardware reset of the board.

  • MaskROM Key: Used to put the board into MaskROM mode for low-level firmware recovery.

LEDs

The board has two onboard status LEDs:

  • Red LED: Power indicator (hardware-controlled, turns on when power is connected).

  • Green LED: Status/User LED (software-controlled).

Pin Mapping

Debug Serial Console

The debug serial console inherits UART2 from the firmware. The default pin mapping for the UART2 console on the 40-pin expansion header is:

Pin

Signal

Notes

8

UART2_TX

Debug UART Transmit (UART2_TXD_M0)

10

UART2_RX

Debug UART Receive (UART2_RXD_M0)

6

Ground

Ground

Power Supply

The board is powered via a Type-C connector. A high-quality power supply providing 5 V @ 5 A is recommended.

Installation

Install an aarch64-none-elf bare-metal toolchain and ensure its bin directory is on your PATH.

One option is the Arm GNU Toolchain.

Building NuttX

To build NuttX for the Orange Pi 5 Pro, configure the board first:

$ ./tools/configure.sh orangepi-5-pro:nsh
$ make -j$(nproc) CROSSDEV=aarch64-none-elf-

A successful build produces nuttx and nuttx.bin.

Booting

Firmware and Relocation

The Orange Pi 5 Pro boots via U-Boot. A typical boot flow is:

BootROM -> DDR initialization/TPL -> U-Boot SPL -> TF-A BL31 -> U-Boot proper -> NuttX

The port relies on the existing firmware for DRAM training, boot media access, TF-A loading, and the debug UART’s clock and pin configuration. TF-A provides the PSCI interface used by NuttX. U-Boot loads nuttx.bin and transfers control with the MMU and data cache disabled.

Although the physical DRAM starts at 0x00000000, the first 28 MiB (up to 0x01c00000) is reserved by the firmware (TF-A, OP-TEE, U-Boot). U-Boot reports the start of available RAM as 0x01c00000. The NuttX ARM64 startup code uses a standard image load offset of 0x480000 (4.5 MiB). U-Boot’s booti command parses this offset from the Image header and relocates the binary to 0x02080000 (CONFIG_RAM_START).

The initial port maps a 512 MiB RAM window beginning at 0x02080000. Memory outside this window is not included in the NuttX heap. The initial MMU configuration uses a 40-bit physical address size.

Boot Procedure

Follow these steps to boot NuttX:

  1. Format a microSD card with a single FAT32 partition.

  2. Copy nuttx.bin to the root of the microSD card.

  3. The board DTB is typically already present on the microSD card boot partition (e.g. from a vendor OS image) at /boot/dtb/rockchip/rk3588s-orangepi-5-pro.dtb. If not, copy it to the card.

  4. Insert the card and connect the 3.3 V debug serial cable.

  5. Stop at the U-Boot prompt and run:

    => load mmc <dev>:1 0x02000000 /nuttx.bin
=> load mmc <dev>:1 ${fdt_addr_r} /boot/dtb/rockchip/rk3588s-orangepi-5-pro.dtb
=> booti 0x02000000 - ${fdt_addr_r}

  6. Confirm the board reaches the NuttX prompt:

    NuttShell (NSH) NuttX-13.x
nsh>

The initial port does not consume the DTB passed by U-Boot. This procedure has been validated on a 4 GiB Orange Pi 5 Pro. The observed handoff relocated the image to 0x02080000, entered NuttX at EL2, switched to EL1, and reached the NSH prompt.

Configurations

You can configure NuttX for the Orange Pi 5 Pro using the following command:

$ ./tools/configure.sh orangepi-5-pro:<config>

Where <config> is one of the configurations listed below.

nsh

Interactive NSH configuration for initial board validation. Connect the 3.3 V debug UART at 1500000 baud to access the NuttShell prompt.

ostest

Boots directly into ostest_main for scheduler and OS regression tests.

Hardware validation

The nsh configuration was tested on a 4 GiB Orange Pi 5 Pro. UART2 transmit and receive, procfs, the ARM generic timer and PSCI reset were verified. A five-second sleep advanced /proc/uptime by five seconds, and reboot returned control to U-Boot.

The ostest configuration was also run on the same board and completed with status zero. calib_udelay measured 116422 delay loops per millisecond with an R-squared value of 1.0000.

References