Milk-V Duo S

Milk-V Duo S is a RISC-V Single-Board Computer based on the SOPHGO SG2000 RISC-V SoC with T-Head C906 64-bit Main Processor, 512 MB of SIP DRAM memory and 100 Mbps Ethernet.

Features

  • System on Chip: SOPHGO SG2000
    • CPU:

      • 64-bit T-Head C906 1.0 GHz (Main Processor)

      • 64-bit T-Head C906 700 MHz (Co-Processor)

      • 64-bit Arm Cortex-A53 1.0 GHz (Alternate Main Processor)

  • MCU: 8051 with 6 KB SRAM

  • Memory: SIP DRAM 512 MB

  • TPU: 0.5 TOPS INT8

  • Storage: 1 x microSD Connector, 1 x eMMC Pad

  • USB: 1 x Type-C for Power and Data or 1 x USB 2.0 A Port Host

  • MIPI CSI: 1 x 16P FPC Connector (MIPI CSI 2-Lane), 1 x 15P FPC Connector (MIPI CSI 2-Lane)

  • Sensor Support: 5M @ 30 FPS

  • MIPI DSI: Via GPIO Header (MIPI DSI 4-Lane)

  • Ethernet: 100 Mbps Ethernet Port (RJ45)

  • Wireless: Optional Wi-Fi 6 / Bluetooth 5

  • Audio: Via GPIO Pin

  • GPIO: Up to 39 x GPIO Pin (via 2 x 26-Pin GPIO Header)

  • Others: 1 x Boot Switch, 1 x Recovery Key, 1 x Reset Key

Serial Console

A USB Serial Adapter is required to run NuttX on Milk-V Duo S, CP2102 is recommended. CH340 might not work correctly with Duo S.

Connect the USB Serial Adapter to Duo S Serial Console at:

USB Serial

Milk-V Duo S Pin

GND

Pin 6 (GND)

RX

Pin 8 (XGPIOA 16 / UART0 TX)

TX

Pin 10 (XGPIOA 17 / UART0 RX)

On the USB Serial Adapter, set the Voltage Level to 3V3.

Connect Duo S to our computer with the USB Serial Adapter. On our computer, start a Serial Terminal and connect to the USB Serial Port at 115.2 kbps:

$ screen /dev/ttyUSB0 115200

NuttX will appear in the Serial Console when it boots on Duo S.

RISC-V Toolchain

Before building NuttX for Milk-V Duo S, download the toolchain for xPack GNU RISC-V Embedded GCC (riscv-none-elf).

Add the downloaded toolchain xpack-riscv-none-elf-gcc-.../bin to the PATH Environment Variable.

Check the RISC-V Toolchain:

$ riscv-none-elf-gcc -v

Building

To build NuttX for Milk-V Duo S, install the prerequisites and clone the git repositories for nuttx and apps.

Configure the NuttX project and build the project:

$ cd nuttx
$ tools/configure.sh milkv_duos:nsh
$ make

This produces the NuttX Kernel nuttx.bin. Next, build the NuttX Apps Filesystem:

$ make export
$ pushd ../apps
$ tools/mkimport.sh -z -x ../nuttx/nuttx-export-*.tar.gz
$ make import
$ popd
$ genromfs -f initrd -d ../apps/bin -V "NuttXBootVol"

This generates the Initial RAM Disk initrd.

Package the NuttX Kernel and Initial RAM Disk into a NuttX Image:

$ head -c 65536 /dev/zero >/tmp/nuttx.pad
$ cat nuttx.bin /tmp/nuttx.pad initrd >Image-sg2000

The NuttX Image Image-sg2000 will be copied to the TFTP Server in the next step.

Booting

NuttX requires a microSD Card with U-Boot Bootloader. Prepare a Linux microSD Card for Duo S.

To boot NuttX on Milk-V Duo S, flip the Main Processor Switch to RV (RISC-V). On our computer, install the TFTP Server.

Copy the file Image-sg2000 from the previous section to the TFTP Server, together with the Device Tree:

$ wget https://github.com/lupyuen2/wip-nuttx/releases/download/sg2000-1/cv181x_milkv_duos_sd.dtb
$ scp Image-sg2000 \
   tftpserver:/tftpfolder/Image-sg2000
$ scp cv181x_milkv_duos_sd.dtb \
   tftpserver:/tftpfolder/cv181x_milkv_duos_sd.dtb

Check that Duo S is connected to our computer via a USB Serial Adapter at 115.2 kbps:

$ screen /dev/ttyUSB0 115200

Insert the microSD Card into Duo S, connect the Ethernet Port and power up via the USB-C Port.

When Duo S boots, press Enter to see the U-Boot Prompt. Run these commands to boot NuttX over TFTP:

# Change to your TFTP Server
$ setenv tftp_server 192.168.x.x
$ saveenv
$ dhcp ${kernel_addr_r} ${tftp_server}:Image-sg2000
$ tftpboot ${fdt_addr_r} ${tftp_server}:cv181x_milkv_duos_sd.dtb
$ fdt addr ${fdt_addr_r}
$ booti ${kernel_addr_r} - ${fdt_addr_r}

Or configure U-Boot to boot NuttX automatically.

NuttX boots on Duo S and NuttShell (nsh) appears in the Serial Console. To see the available commands in NuttShell:

$ help

Configurations

nsh

Basic configuration that runs NuttShell (nsh). This configuration is focused on low level, command-line driver testing. Built-in applications are supported, but none are enabled. Serial Console is enabled on UART0 at 115.2 kbps.

Peripheral Support

NuttX for Milk-V Duo S supports these peripherals:

Peripheral

Support

NOTES

UART

Yes